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化學品、危險品安全手冊Safety Manual of Chemicals and Hazardous Articles
原創(chuàng)文章：青島希尼爾翻譯公司 http://theheretical.com
2015-09-02
化學品、危險品安全手冊
Safety Manual of
Chemicals and Hazardous Articles
化學品、危險品的安全管理
Safety Management of Chemicals
and Hazardous Articles
通用規(guī)則
General rules
1
化學品、危險品的范圍
化學品指清洗劑、消毒劑、殺蟲劑、試劑、試藥等；危險品是指爆炸品、壓縮氣體、液化氣體、易燃液體、易燃固體、自燃物品、遇濕易燃品、氧化劑、毒害品和腐蝕品。
The scope of chemicals and hazardous
articles: the chemicals refer to cleaning agent, disinfecting agent,
pesticide, agent and reagent, etc.; the hazardous articles refer to
explosive, compressed air, liquefied gas, inflammable liquid, inflammable
solid, spontaneously combustible, chemical which in contact with water or
damp emit flammable gas, oxidizer, toxic article and corrosive.
1.1
閃點在45攝氏度及45攝氏度以下易燃液體（如：乙醚、汽油、苯、乙醇、丁醇等）。
The inflammable liquids with the
flash point below
1.2
易燃、容易自燃及遇水燃燒的固體（如：赤磷、黃磷、鉀、鈉、電石等）。
The inflammable solids, flammable
solids liable to spontaneous combustion and the solids dangerous when wet
(such as red phosphorus, yellow phosphorus, potassium, sodium and calcium
carbide, etc.).
1.3
易燃及助燃氣體（如：氫氣、乙炔氣、液化氣、氧氣）。
The inflammable and
combustion-supporting gases (such as hydrogen, acetylene gas, liquid gas and
oxygen).
1.4
易燃藥品以及能成為爆炸混合物或引起燃燒的氧氣劑（如：氯酸鉀、氯酸鈉、硝酸鉀、過氧化鈉、硝酸等）。
The inflammable chemicals and the
oxidizers can become explosive mixture or result in combustion (such as
potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium peroxide and
nitric acid, etc.).
1.5
腐蝕性藥品（如強酸、強堿、溴、甲醛、氫氧化鈉等）。
Corrosive chemicals (such as strong
acid, alkali, bromine, formaldehyde and sodium hydroxide, etc.).
1.6
劇毒藥品（如：氰化物、砷化物、生物堿等）。
Highly toxic chemicals (such as
cyanide, arsenide and alkaloid, etc.).
1.7
化學品及易燃品（如：油漆、機油、潤滑油、殺蟲劑、消毒液、洗潔精、農藥等）。
Chemicals and inflammable substances
(such as paints, engine oil, lubricating oil, pesticide, disinfecting
solution, detergent and agricultural chemicals, etc.).
2
化學品、危險品的采購
Purchase of chemicals and hazardous
articles
2.1
采購部在采購化學、危險品時，應對供貨廠家進行考察，應從就近而可靠的經營單位采購。經營單位應有經營化學品、危險品許可證，否則不得采購。
The purchase department shall
examine the suppliers and purchase from the nearby and reliable units in
operation while purchasing the chemicals and hazardous. The units in
operation shall be with the business certificates of chemicals and hazardous
articles.
2.2
要求供方提供化學品、危險品性能說明書、安全數據表（MSDS），明確操作注意事項和可能出現的緊急狀態(tài)對策，將其傳達到相關部門和人員。
The suppliers are required to supply
the performance specification and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) of
chemicals and hazardous, confirm the notes for operation and the
countermeasures for possible emergency states and transmit to related
departments and staff.
3
運輸
Transportation
3.2
應用專用交通工具運輸。
The appointed vehicles shall be
used.
3.3
運輸時，不得與其它貨物同時裝運。
Such articles can not be loaded with
other goods simultaneously during the transportation.
3.4
裝卸、運輸中要輕拿輕放，嚴禁流動、摩擦、拖拉；裝卸工具禁止使用鐵制工具及穿帶鐵釘的鞋。
Handle gently during the loading and
transportation and flow, friction and traction are prohibited; do not use
iron tools and do not wear shoes with iron nails.
3.5
夏天應在早晚進出庫和運輸。
The inbound/outbound and
transportation shall be implemented at morning and evening in summers.
4
驗收入庫
Warehouse entry inspection
4.1
貨物到公司后由危險品倉庫保管員驗收，應先檢查貨物外觀，包裝是否完好，封口是否嚴密，標簽是否完整、清楚。過數后方可辦理入庫。對不符合要求的，應予以拒收，并進行妥善處理。
The goods are inspected by the
storekeepers of dangerous goods warehouse, inspect the appearances of the
goods first, and then check whether the packages are complete, the glands
are tight and the symbols are complete and clear. The warehouse entry can be
transacted after the counting. The disqualified ones shall be rejected and
handled properly.
4.2
合格品按其性質分類分批放置在指定貨位存放處。
The qualified ones are deposited in
appointed goods allocation locations by characteristics classification and
batches.
5
化學品、危險品的存放
Storage of chemicals and hazardous
articles
5.1
危險品統(tǒng)一放危險品倉庫保管，設專職保管員。
The hazardous articles are kept in
dangerous goods warehouse uniformly with full-time storekeepers.
5.2
倉庫保管員應經安全消防及危險品專業(yè)知識培訓，熟悉危險品的理化性質，掌握變化規(guī)律（沸點、自燃點、爆炸界線、滅火方法等）及保證安全的措施。
The warehouse storekeepers shall
accept the professional trainings of fire safety and hazardous articles, be
familiar with physicochemical properties of hazardous articles and grasp the
changing rules (boiling point, self-ignition point, and explosion limit and
extinguishment method, etc.) and countermeasures to guarantee the safety.
5.3
酸、堿等腐蝕性危險品，在存放區(qū)應有沙箱，以免遺漏地面上。酸、堿搬運操作要穿戴耐酸、堿手套、鞋、圍裙及防護眼鏡。
There shall be sand bins in the
storage areas of the corrosive hazardous articles as acid and alkali, etc.
to avoid the leakages on the floor. Wear acid and alkali resistant gloves,
shoes, aprons and safety goggles in the transportation of acid and alkali.
5.4
容器密閉是易燃化學品儲存、保障安全的重要措施，要保證不漏、不滴、不冒、不跑。
The container sealing is an
important measure in the storage and safety guarantee of the inflammable
chemicals, and the container shall be guaranteed with no leakages, no drops,
no smokes and no escaping.
5.5
易燃化學品應儲存于陰涼、通風場所，專倉專儲，不得與其他化學危險品混放，并且由專人保管。
The inflammable chemicals shall be
stored in shady and ventilated areas and in special warehouse, such
chemicals can not be mixed with other chemical hazardous articles and must
be kept by person specially appointed.
5.6
化學品儲存地應杜絕一切火源、熱源，嚴禁吸煙，電氣動力、照明采用整體防爆型裝置。
The storage areas of chemicals shall
be without any fire sources and heat sources, smoking is strictly
prohibited, and the integrated explosion-proof devices shall be adopted in
the electric power and lighting.
6
化學品、危險品的領用與使用
Requisition and usage of chemicals
and hazardous articles
6.1
危險化學品由倉庫保管員專人負責管理。
The hazardous chemicals shall be
managed by specially appointed warehouse storekeepers.
6.2
領用時領料單上必須填好用途，部門經理簽字，領用過程須輕拿輕放，嚴禁倒置運輸，防止泄漏。
The material requisition must be
filled with usages and signed by department managers during the requisition,
handle gentle and do not transport with upside down during the requisition
process so as to avoid the leakages.
6.3 75%消毒酒精必須由品保部專人進行配制和發(fā)放，沒有品保部的同意，任何人不準隨便領用。每次領用必須做好記錄。品保部按照標準配制好的消毒酒精，放置于化驗室，車間隨用隨領，品保部作好領用記錄。
75% rubbing alcohol must be
confected and issued by person specially appointed by quality assurance
department and nobody is allowed to issue randomly without the permission of
the quality assurance department. Records must be made on every requisition.
The quality assurance department shall confect the rubbing alcohol according
to standards and deposit in chemical laboratory, the workshops shall get the
alcohol on demands and the quality assurance department shall make the
requisition records.
6.4
車間領用的清洗劑、消毒劑等化學品、危險品必須由衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督員專人專柜管理。
The chemicals and hazardous articles
as detergent and disinfecting agent, etc. received by the workshops must be
managed by specially appointed health supervisor in special cabinet.
?
由衛(wèi)生員保管，在現場使用中容器外要有標識。
?
Such articles shall be stored by health supervisors and
there shall be marks on the containers for field use.
?
使用后放在柜內由衛(wèi)生員上鎖保管。
?
The articles are locked in cabinet and kept by the health
supervisors after usage.
7
化學、危險品的廢棄處理
Disposal of chemical and hazardous
articles
7.1
對于清理油污產生的油棉紗，各部門定期送鍋爐房燃燒處理。
The oil cotton yarn generated in
cleaning the grease contamination shall be delivered to the boiler room by
the departments periodically for burning.
7.2
廢藥品瓶必須單獨放置在垃圾箱內。
The waste chemical bottles must be
placed in the trash cans separately.
8
緊急情況的預防
Prevention on emergency
8.1
危險品放置處必須配備滅火器或防火沙等，并放置在明顯位置。
The deposition places of hazardous
articles must be equipped with fire extinguishers or sand buckets, etc. in
prominent positions.
8.2
所有危險品的發(fā)放必須有倉庫主管簽字并建立發(fā)放明細帳記錄。
The warehouse manager must sign and
establish issuance detail account records on the issuance of all hazardous
articles.
9
緊急事故的處理
Handling of emergency
9.1
在火災發(fā)生時，現場人員應立即采取有效的滅火方式，隔離易燃物品，并立即報告部門負責人或安全保衛(wèi)科，現場負責人負責指揮滅火和人員疏散工作，必要時應迅速撥打119通知消防單位采取滅火措施。
During the happening of fire
hazards, the field staff shall adopt effective extinguishment methods
immediately, isolate the inflammable articles and report to the department
leaders or safety and security section immediately, the field principal
shall be responsible for the guidance of extinguishment and the staff
evacuation, and dial 119 to notice the fire fighting units to adopt
extinguishment measures rapidly when necessary.
9.2
倉庫及各部門在油品、化學品的管理過程中，如發(fā)生泄漏、現場人員要及時處理，盡量收集起來，從而減少對環(huán)境的污染。
During the management process on oil
products and chemical products of the warehouse and various departments, the
field staff shall handle in time and try to collect as much as possible for
any leakages so as to reduce the pollutions to the environment.
9.3
緊急情況處理完畢后，責任部門要將發(fā)生的經過及所采取的措施填入《糾正預防措施通知單》中，明確防治措施以及再發(fā)生時的搶救措施。
After the handling of the emergency,
the responsible department shall fill the process and adopted measures into
Notice on Correction of Protective Measures, clear out the protective
measures and the emergency measures during the recurrence.
經主管安全的副總裁確認后，由安全保衛(wèi)科保管。
The safety and security department
shall be responsible for the storage after the approval of the vice
president in charge of safety.
10
安全防護與培訓
Safety protection and training
?
接觸化學品時應戴合適的手套、防護眼鏡、防毒面罩等個人防護用品。
?
Wear applicable personal protective equipment as gloves,
safety goggles and masks, etc. while contacting chemicals.
?
處理化學品前要閱讀說明書，要了解其特性、危險性、預防及應急措施。
?
Read the Instruction Book to understand the
characteristics, risks, protective and emergency measures before handling
the chemicals.
?
儲存、運輸、使用化學品的員工應受過專門的培訓才可上崗。
?
The employees on storing, transporting and using
chemicals can be on duty only through professional trainings.
?
儲存、運輸、使用化學品的員工應明確知道相應滅火器的位置。
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